A vacuum generator is a device used to generate and maintain a vacuum environment, and its working principle can be implemented based on different physical principles. The following is the working principle of several common vacuum generators:
1. Mechanical pump: Mechanical pump is a device that generates vacuum through mechanical movement. The most common mechanical pump is the rotary vane pump (also known as the rotary vane pump). A rotary vane pump creates a continuous gas compression and discharge cycle in the pump chamber through the rotating vane, which pulls the gas out and creates a vacuum.
2. Turbomolecular pump: Turbomolecular pump uses a high-speed rotating impeller to throw gas molecules out of the vacuum chamber, thereby creating a vacuum. Turbomolecular pump has high vacuum extraction speed and high extraction capacity, which is suitable for high vacuum environment.
3. Mercury vapor pump: Mercury vapor pump is a device that uses mercury vapor pressure difference to extract gas. It expands mercury vapor by heating it and creates a pressure difference in the pump chamber, which pulls the gas out and creates a vacuum.
4. Molecular pump: Molecular pump is a device that uses the high-speed movement of gas molecules colliding with the wall of the pump cavity to extract gas. It uses a high-speed rotating blade or electrostatic field to accelerate gas molecules, causing them to collide with the wall of the pump cavity and be drawn out.
5. Gas adsorbents: Gas adsorbents (such as activated carbon) can adsorb gas molecules, thereby reducing the gas pressure in the vacuum chamber. By using the appropriate adsorbent material, a certain degree of vacuum can be achieved.
These are common vacuum generator working principles, different vacuum generators can be selected according to the needs of the suitable working principles. The choice of vacuum generator depends on factors such as the desired vacuum level, extraction speed, extraction capacity and application requirements.
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