The basic structure of the cylinder
The so-called pneumatic actuator is a component that uses compressed air as a power to drive the mechanism for linear, swinging and rotating motion.
Classification of cylinders
Single acting cylinder:
Only one side of the piston is supplied with air, and the pressure pushes the piston to produce thrust and return by the spring or its own weight.
Double acting cylinder:
There is air pressure on both sides of the cylinder piston to achieve forward or backward action.
Cylinder buffering
However, the cylinder also has a problem, if the buffer device is not used, when the piston moves to the end, especially the cylinder with a long stroke and a fast speed, the kinetic energy of the piston hitting the end cap will be very large, and it is easy to damage the parts and shorten the life of the cylinder.
What’s more, the noise caused by the impact can be quite devastating. If one cylinder without buffering is 70dB, the noise of the whole factory will be as high as 140dB, which is like being on the runway of a jet plane for a long time. This has reached the limits of human endurance and suffering.
How to solve these problems?
1 Hydraulic buffer
The first and simplest method of cylinder buffering is to install a hydraulic buffer at the front of the cylinder. Features: A wide range of small energy to large power without adjustment, can achieve the best energy absorption.
2 Rubber buffer
In order to more compact installation in the factory, the designers have come up with a second method: rubber cushioning. (Both ends of the piston rod are provided with buffer pads)
Note:
1) The buffer capacity is fixed and immutable, the buffer capacity is small, and it is mostly used for small cylinders to prevent operating noise.
2) It is necessary to pay attention to rubber aging resulting in deformation, peeling and other phenomena.
3 gas buffer
The third method: gas buffer. (Through piston movement, the buffer sleeve and seal act together to form a closed air chamber/buffer chamber on one side to achieve cushioning.) The gas in the buffer chamber can only be discharged through the buffer valve. When the opening of the buffer valve is very small, the pressure in the chamber rises rapidly, and the pressure exerts a reaction force on the piston, which slows the piston down until it stops.
Note:
1) By adjusting the opening of the buffer valve, the buffer capacity can be adjusted. The smaller the opening, the greater the buffer.
2) Cushioning is achieved by using the back pressure of the cylinder during operation. The back pressure of the cylinder is small. The buffer capacity will also be smaller. When in use, it is necessary to pay attention to the control method of load rate and cylinder speed.
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